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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS)

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The Substances Added to Food inventory replaces what was previously known as Everything Added to Foods in the United States (EAFUS).

The Substances Added to Food inventory includes the following types of ingredients regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA):

  • Food additives and color additives that are listed in FDA regulations (21 CFR Parts 172, 173 and Parts 73, 74, 82 respectively), and flavoring substances evaluated by FEMA* and JECFA*.
    • Note that for a substance to be used as a color additive in the US, it must be authorized by a regulation in 21 CFR Part 73, 74, or 82.
  • Generally Recognized as Safe (“GRAS”) substances that are listed in FDA regulations (21 CFR Parts 182 and 184).
  • Substances approved for specific uses in foods prior to September 6, 1958, known as prior-sanctioned substances (21 CFR Part 181).
  • Substances formerly used:
    • Prohibited substances that are listed in FDA regulations (21 CFR Part 189) as prohibited from use in food (labeled as "PROHIBITED" or "PROHIBITED WITH EXCEPTIONS").
    • Delisted color additives in FDA regulations (21 CFR 81.10 and/or 81.30) (labeled as "DELISTED").
    • Some substances "no longer FEMA GRAS"

It is important to note that the inventory is only a partial list of food ingredients. Inclusion in this inventory of information from non-FDA entities does not indicate an FDA approval or evaluation of this use.

Users also have the option to search multiple food ingredient and packaging inventories at one time. This includes the following substances not listed in the Substances Added to Food inventory:

For more information, please refer to Food Ingredient and Packaging Inventories.


Search and display hints

  • Select the Substance name below to view the additional details about the substance.
  • To sort by a specific field, click on the column header for that field.
  • To browse the records, use the Show All, First/Previous/Next/Last, and Jump To options at the bottom of the data table.
  • To search for a specific term (or phrase or partial word), enter that term in the Search box and select Show Items to display only those records that contain the selected term.
  • The search results may include terms not shown on the results pages, but included in the full record descriptions. For example, a search for “gum Arabic” will find the substance “Acacia”.
  • The search results will return hits of records containing words that include the search term. For example, a search for the color red will return results that include terms such as reducing, ingredient, and denatured.
Download Substances Added to Food <em>(formerly EAFUS)</em> data in Microsoft Excel web format Download data from this searchable database in Excel format. If you need help accessing information in different file formats, see Instructions for Downloading Viewers and Players.
Search within these results
Records Found: 99 Show All Page 1 of 2
CAS Reg. No.*
(or other ID)
Substance*
(sorted A-Z)
Used for*
(Technical Effect)
21 CFR*
22620-93-5 ALUMINUM CAPRATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
175.300
6028-57-5 ALUMINUM CAPRYLATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
175.300
7230-93-5 ALUMINUM LAURATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
175.300
4040-50-0 ALUMINUM MYRISTATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
688-37-9 ALUMINUM OLEATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
175.300
182.90
555-35-1 ALUMINUM PALMITATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
175.300
182.90
977089-51-2 ALUMINUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
175.105
175.320
176.200
177.1200
637-12-7 ALUMINUM STEARATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID
172.863
173.340
175.210
175.300
176.170
177.2800
178.3297
179.45
181.29
13747-30-3 CALCIUM CAPRATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.300
6107-56-8 CALCIUM CAPRYLATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.300
471-34-1 CALCIUM CARBONATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
COLOR OR COLORING ADJUNCT,
DRYING AGENT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
LEAVENING AGENT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
MASTICATORY SUBSTANCE,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING AID
73.70
73.1070
175.300
176.170
177.1600
177.1680
177.2260
178.3297
181.29
184.1191
10035-04-8 CALCIUM CHLORIDE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
ENZYME,
FIRMING AGENT,
FREEZING OR COOLING AGENT,
DIRECT CONTACT,
FUMIGANT,
HUMECTANT,
MALTING OR FERMENTING AID,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING
172.560
178.1010
184.1193
4696-56-4 CALCIUM LAURATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
15284-51-2 CALCIUM MYRISTATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
178.2010
1305-78-8 CALCIUM OXIDE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DOUGH STRENGTHENER,
FIRMING AGENT,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING AID,
TEXTURIZER
184.1210
542-42-7 CALCIUM PALMITATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.300
7757-93-9 CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DOUGH STRENGTHENER,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
HUMECTANT,
LEAVENING AGENT,
MASTICATORY SUBSTANCE,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER
175.300
181.29
182.1217
182.8217
7758-87-4 CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
LEAVENING AGENT,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
TEXTURIZER
175.300
182.1217
182.8217
977089-53-4 CALCIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.105
1344-95-2 CALCIUM SILICATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.410
175.300
176.170
177.1680
177.2260
177.2355
178.3297
182.2227
182.2906
1592-23-0 CALCIUM STEARATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER
172.863
173.340
175.300
177.2410
177.2600
178.1010
178.2010
179.45
181.29
184.1229
7778-18-9 CALCIUM SULFATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FORMULATION AID,
LEAVENING AGENT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
MALTING OR FERMENTING AID,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING AID,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER
175.300
176.170
178.3297
184.1230
9000-11-7 CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
HUMECTANT,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENT
175.105
175.300
182.70
9004-32-4 CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, SODIUM SALT ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
TEXTURIZER
173.310
175.105
182.1745
8015-86-9 CARNAUBA WAX (COPERNICIA CERIFERA (ARRUDA) MART.) ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
FORMULATION AID,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING AID,
SURFACE-FINISHING AGENT
175.320
184.1978
9000-07-1 CARRAGEENAN ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
PROCESSING AID,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
TEXTURIZER
172.620
172.625
182.7255
8001-79-4 CASTOR OIL (RICINUS COMMUNIS L.) ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE
73.1
172.510
172.876
175.105
175.300
176.210
177.2600
177.2800
178.3520
178.3910
977005-28-9 CELLULOSE, MICROCRYSTALLINE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER
2190-27-4 COCOA BUTTER SUBSTITUTE FROM PALM OIL ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
HUMECTANT,
TEXTURIZER
184.1259
8001-31-8 COCONUT OIL ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENT,
SURFACE-FINISHING AGENT,
TEXTURIZER
175.300
176.210
177.2800
977050-51-3 CORNSTARCH ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
NON-NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
TEXTURIZER
182.70
182.90
977004-12-8 CORN SYRUP ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
HUMECTANT,
LEAVENING AGENT,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
TEXTURIZER
184.1865
9004-53-9 DEXTRIN ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER
172.892
184.1277
50-99-7 DEXTROSE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
COLOR OR COLORING ADJUNCT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
HUMECTANT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER
73.85
172.816
184.1857
9000-70-8 GELATIN ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
PROCESSING AID,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
SURFACE-FINISHING AGENT,
TEXTURIZER
172.230
172.255
172.280
182.70
56-81-5 GLYCERIN ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
HUMECTANT,
MASTICATORY SUBSTANCE,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
TEXTURIZER
172.811
175.300
175.320
176.210
177.1390
177.2420
177.2800
178.3500
182.1320
182.90
977091-53-4 GLYCERIN, SYNTHETIC ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
HUMECTANT,
MASTICATORY SUBSTANCE,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
TEXTURIZER
172.866
178.3500
25496-72-4 GLYCERYL MONOOLEATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
HUMECTANT
175.300
175.320
181.27
184.1323
9000-30-0 GUAR, GUM (CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBUS (L.)) ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
FIRMING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
TEXTURIZER
184.1339
9004-65-3 HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
HUMECTANT,
PROCESSING AID,
STABILIZER OR THICKENER,
SURFACE-FINISHING AGENT,
TEXTURIZER
172.874
175.105
175.300
177.1960
977083-54-7 INVERT SUGAR SYRUP ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
NUTRITIVE SWEETENER,
SOLVENT OR VEHICLE
1185-57-5 IRON AMMONIUM CITRATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT 172.430
182.20
184.1296
8002-43-5 LECITHIN ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
ANTIOXIDANT,
DRYING AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
HUMECTANT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
MASTICATORY SUBSTANCE,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENT,
TEXTURIZER
175.300
176.170
184.1400
42966-30-3 MAGNESIUM CAPRATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.300
3386-57-0 MAGNESIUM CAPRYLATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.300
39409-82-0 MAGNESIUM CARBONATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING AID
177.2600
184.1425
4040-48-6 MAGNESIUM LAURATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
4086-70-8 MAGNESIUM MYRISTATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
1555-53-9 MAGNESIUM OLEATE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT,
LUBRICANT OR RELEASE AGENT
172.863
175.300
1309-48-4 MAGNESIUM OXIDE ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT,
DRYING AGENT,
FLAVOR ENHANCER,
FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT,
FORMULATION AID,
HUMECTANT,
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT,
PH CONTROL AGENT,
PROCESSING AID
175.300
176.170
177.1680
177.2260
177.2400
177.2600
178.1010
178.3297
184.1431

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*Definitions

  • CAS Reg. No. (or other ID): Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number® for the substance or a numerical code assigned by CFSAN to those substances that do not have a CAS Registry Number (977nnn-nn-n series).
  • Substance: The name of the ingredient as recognized by CFSAN.
  • Used for (Technical Effect): The physical or technical effect(s) the substance has in or on food; see 21 CFR 170.3(o) for definitions.
  • 21 CFR: Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
  • FEMA No.: The trade association, Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), has established expert panels to evaluate and make independent determinations on the GRAS status of flavoring substances. The FEMA number is provided here as a reference to FEMA’s GRAS assessments.
  • JECFA: The Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) is an international expert scientific committee that is administered jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). See JECFA Specifications for Flavourings <>

Color Additives

  • For a substance to be used as a color additive in the US, it must be authorized by a regulation in 21 CFR Part 73, 74, or 82.
CAS Reg. No.*
(or other ID)
Substance*
(sorted A-Z)
Used for*
(Technical Effect)
21 CFR*
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