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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

SCOGS (Select Committee on GRAS Substances)
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This database allows access to opinions and conclusions from 115 SCOGS reports* published between 1972-1980 on the safety of over 370 Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) food substances. The GRAS ingredient reviews were conducted by the Select Committee in response to a 1969 White House directive by President Richard M. Nixon (see History of GRAS and SCOGS).

The SCOGS database allows users to search for the SCOGS opinion and conclusion, and includes the United States Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR) citation for those GRAS food substances that have been codified in the CFR. Many of the SCOGS reports reviewed have more than one GRAS substance and each substance was evaluated and assigned its own individual type of conclusion on safety; Type 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, as shown in the table below.**

The SCOGS Conclusions were made by scientific experts outside of FDA. The complete background of the Select Committee is described in the History of GRAS and SCOGS.

Search and display hints:

  • Select the GRAS substance below to view the record details, including the SCOGS opinion.
  • Select the CFR reference below to view the 21 CFR regulations.
  • Select the NTIS Accession Number below to retrieve the full report from NTIS.
  • To sort by a specific field, click on the column header for that field.
  • To browse the records, use the Show All, First/Previous/Next/Last, and Jump To options at the bottom of the data table.
  • To search for a specific substance/term, enter the term in the Search box and select Show Items to display only those records that contain the selected term.
Download SCOGS (Select Committee on GRAS Substances) data in Microsoft Excel web format Download data from this searchable database in Excel format. If you need help accessing information in different file formats, see Instructions for Downloading Viewers and Players.
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Records Found: 381 Show All Page 6 of 8
GRAS Substance SCOGS
Report
Number 		CAS Reg. No.
or other
ID Code 		Year of
Report 		SCOGS
Type of
Conclusion** 		21 CFR
Regulation 		NTIS
Accession
Number*
Potassium phosphate monobasic 32 7778-77-0 1975 1 PB262651
Potassium phosphate tribasic 32 7778-53-2 1975 1 PB262651
Potassium polymetaphosphate 32 7790-53-6 1975 1 PB262651
Potassium pyrophosphate 32 7320-34-5 1975 1 PB262651
Potassium silicate 61 1312-76-1 1979 1 PB301402
Potassium sorbate 57 24634-61-5 1975 1 182.3640 PB262663
Potassium tripolyphosphate 32 13845-36-8 1975 1 PB262651
Potato starch 115 977000-07-9 1979 1 PB80128804
Pregelatinized starch 115 977050-93-3 1979 1 182.90 PB80128804
Propionic acid 79 79-09-4 1979 1 184.1081 PB80104599
Propyl Gallate 11 121-79-9 1973 1 184.1660 PB223840
Propyl Paraben
  propyl p-hydroxybenzoate 		8 94-13-3 1972 1 184.1670 PB221950
Propylene glycol 27 57-55-6 1973 1 184.1666 PB265504
Propylene glycol alginate 24 9005-37-2 1973 2 PB265503
Propylene glycol monostearate 27 1323-39-3 1973 1 172.856 PB265504
Acid hydrolyzed proteins 37b There is no ID Code 1980 1 PB80178643
Enzymatically hydrolyzed protein 37b There is no ID Code 1980 1 PB80178643
Pulps (packaging) 40 977139-78-8 1973 1 184.1673 PB234907
Pyridoxine 100 65-23-6 1977 1 PB275340
Pyridoxine hydrochloride 100 58-56-0 1977 1 184.1676 PB275340
Red algae 38 977007-74-1 1973 1 184.1121 PB265505
Reduced iron
  iron 		35 7439-89-6 1980 2 184.1375 PB80178676
Reduced iron (packaging) 35 7439-89-6 1980 2 PB80178676
Rennet 76 9042-08-4 1977 1 184.1685 PB274668
Riboflavin 114 83-88-5 1979 1 184.1695 PB301406
Riboflavin-5'-phosphate 114 146-17-8 1979 1 184.1697 PB301406
Rice Starch 115 977000-08-0 1979 1 PB80128804
Silica aerogel 61 977052-02-0 1979 1 182.1711 PB301402
Silicon dioxides 61 14808-60-7 1979 1 PB301402
Sodium acetate 82 977127-84-6 1977 1 184.1721 PB274670
Sodium acid pyrophosphate 32 7758-16-9 1975 1 182.1087 PB262651
Sodium alginate 24 9005-38-3 1973 2 184.1724 PB265503
Sodium aluminate (packaging) 43 11138-49-1 1975 1 PB262655
Sodium aluminosilicate 61 1344-00-9 1979 1 182.2727 PB301402
Sodium aluminum phosphate, acidic 43 7785-88-8 1975 1 182.1781 PB262655
Sodium aluminum phosphate, basic 43 7785-88-8 1975 1 182.1781 PB262655
Sodium Benzoate 7 532-32-1 1973 1 184.1733 PB223837
Sodium bicarbonate 26 144-55-8 1975 1 184.1736 PB254535
Sodium bisulfite 15 7631-90-5 1976 2 182.3739 PB265508
Sodium calcium aluminosilicate 61 1344-01-0 1979 1 182.2729 PB301402
Sodium carbonate 26 497-19-8 1975 1 184.1742 PB254535
Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose 25 9004-32-4 1973 1 182.1745 PB274667
Sodium caseinate 96 9005-46-3 1979 1 PB301401
Sodium chloride 102 7647-14-5 1979 1 (dry food packaging), 4 (direct additive) 182.70 PB298139
Sodium citrate 84 68-04-2 1977 1 184.1751 PB280954
Sodium diacetate 82 126-96-5 1977 1 184.1754 PB274670
Sodium erythorbate (sodium D-isoascorbate) 59 6381-77-7 1979 1 PB80128796
Sodium ferric EDTA
  iron(III) sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; monosodium iron EDTA 		35 15708-41-5 1980 5 PB80178676
Sodium ferricitropyrophosphate
  iron(III) pyrophosphate, soluble 		35 1332-96-3 1980 5 PB80178676
Sodium formate (packaging) 71 141-53-7 1976 1 186.1756 PB266282

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Definitions of labels

  • GRAS Substances: A food substance that is not subject to premarket review and approval by FDA because it is generally recognized, by qualified experts, to be safe under the intended conditions of use.
  • SCOGS Report Number: Number of the report that contains details of the safety studies that formed the basis of the opinion made by the committee.
  • CAS Reg. No. or other ID Code: Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry Number for the substance or a numerical code assigned by CFSAN to those substances that do not have a CAS Registry Number (977nnn-nn-n series).
  • Year of Report: The year that the SCOGS report was issued.
  • SCOGS Type of Conclusion: Opinion and Conclusion by the Select Committee on GRAS Substance Review about the safety of a GRAS substance. See SCOGS Conclusions.
  • 21 CFR Regulation: Citation in Title 21 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations if the substance is subject to a regulation.
  • *NTIS Accession Number: Order number of the full report containing details of the safety studies that formed the basis of the opinions and conclusions that is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS); search the accession number in the NTRL (National Technical Reports Library).

**SCOGS Type of Conclusion Definition
1There is no evidence in the available information on [substance] that demonstrates, or suggests reasonable grounds to suspect, a hazard to the public when they are used at levels that are now current or might reasonably be expected in the future.
2 There is no evidence in the available information on [substance] that demonstrates a hazard to the public when it is used at levels that are now current and in the manner now practiced. However, it is not possible to determine, without additional data, whether a significant increase in consumption would constitute a dietary hazard.
3 While no evidence in the available information on [substance] demonstrates a hazard to the public when it is used at levels that are now current and in the manner now practiced, uncertainties exist requiring that additional studies be conducted.
4The evidence on [substance] is insufficient to determine that the adverse effects reported are not deleterious to the public health should it be used at former levels and in the manner formerly practiced.
5In view of the almost complete lack of biological studies, the Select Committee has insufficient data upon which to evaluate the safety of [substance] as a [intended use].
GRAS Substance SCOGS
Report
Number 		CAS Reg. No.
or other
ID Code 		Year of
Report 		SCOGS
Type of
Conclusion** 		21 CFR
Regulation 		NTIS
Accession
Number*
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